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1st - 4th century: Slovakia inhabited by German tribes is under Roman influence but outside the borders of The Roman Empire

5th - 6th century: gradual arrival of Slavic tribes to our region

512: the first written evidence of the presence of Slaves in Slovakia (Prokopius)

567 - 623: nomadic Avars penetrate to the central Europe and subdue Slavs; our ancestors forced to help them to pillage across the Europe

623 - 659: Samo's Realm - Samo, a Frankian merchant, organises Slavic uprising against Avars and becomes the king; the first sovereign state of Slavs

833 - 906: Great Moravian Realm /Empire - the most famous period of our ancient history, powerful and mighty state of ancient Slovaks and neighbouring Slavic tribes

833: Mojmir, the duke of western Moravians expelles the duke Pribina from eastern part of Morava and establishes united kingdom; later on, Pribina becomes liegeman of Frank Reich in Pannonia

846: Rastislav, with a help of Franks, becomes the king of Moravian realm, later on Rastislav becomes an enemy of Franks

863: arrival of St Constantin & St Method to our country; these christian missionaries, brothers from Thessaloniki in Greece, emissaries of Byzantine emperor, come upon an invitation of Rastislav to preach Christianity in Slavic language; they translate selected parts of The Holy Scripture and liturgical texts into our contemporary language; apart from it, they introduce the first Slavic alphabet called Hlahollic, which gradually evolved to the Cyrillic (Cyril was monk's name of St Constantin) used by Russians and many other Slavic nations; they also establish the first academy on our territory

869: the pope Hadrian II officially confirmes Slavic as the liturgical language making it the 4th in the world being used in the Christian liturgy, Bavarian bishops consider this act unacceptable

870: after many intrigues, Svatopluk defeates his uncle Rastislav and become the greatest Moravian /Slovak king we know; of course, the greatest in Middle Age meaning of this world: ambitious, sometimes cruel, excellent fighter with expansive policy

871 - 889: continuous wars between Slavs and Franks /Bavarians, expansion of Great Moravia to neighbouring Slavic territories (current Poland, Czech republic and even Germany), and theological disputes over liturgical language resulting in the gradual receding of Slavic liturgy

889 - 894: nomadic tribes of ancient Hungarians first time attack Great Moravia, Svatopluk repel them, since this time ancient Hungarians regurarly attack our territory, sometimes as an alies of Bavarians that has underestimated the danger resulting from Hungarian presence

894: King Svatopluk dies and subsequent fights for the throne between his sons (Mojmir II and Svatopluk II) are weakening the millitary power of our contry; ancient Hungarians as well as Bavarians and Czechs take advantage of these events

895 - 906: continuous wars against Hungarians and Bavarians, the pope Johannes IX rebukes Bavarian bishops for their pacts with Hungarians; king Mojmir II and duke Svatopluk II killed in battle against Hungarians, their castles destroyed, the beginning of the gradual desintegration of Great Moravian Realm

907 - 955: ancient Hungarians defeat Bavarian army in the Battle of Bratislava and start plundering of central and western Eurpe; finally they are deffeated by German king Otto I in the Battle of Lech river and forced to leave behind the nomadic lifestyle and to settle in Pannonia including lowland parts of Great Moravia

997: after the death of his father, Stefan I. (St Stefan, born as a pagan named Vajk) becomes the king of Hungaria and start building-up of organised state (based on the remnants of Great Moravia structures and on the Christianity of Slovaks); gradual christianisation of Hungarians

1018: King Stefan I and Polish duke Boleslaw covenant the border between Hungaria and Poland; the beginning of the annexation of entire Slovak territory to Hungarian State

1020 - 1106: endless throne disputes and wars between Czech kingdom and Hungarian State; Slovakia is partly indipendent as the borderline Dukedom of Nitra (with its own military and currency)

1075 onwards: foundation of abbeys allows the order&civilisation to penetrate into Slovak mountains

1096: The 1st Crusade is passing through Czech Kingdom and our territory persecuting the Jews; locals near Nitra raise against crusaders and expel them from country

1239: Trnava becomes the 1st Slovak town provided with "town privileges"; such privileges serve the King as a trigger of development

1241 - 1242: Tartar Invasion - Tartars, the Mongolian nomads led by Batu Khan, invade the Hungarian State and ransack there for more then a year; King Belo IV save his life escaping to Istria (present-day Croatia)

1243: King Belo IV invites the German colonists to repopulate regions where population rapidly decreased because of Tartar raids

1243 - 1340: "town privileges" bestowed upon the majority of present-day Slovak cities, these acts prerequisite their further development; on the other hand, these privileges were many times related only to German colonists

1301: as the King Andrew III has died without descendants, disputes over the throne begin; Matus Cak takes advantage form these events and becomes practically independent ruler of Slovakia and despite the later losses and excommunication, his reign sustains till his death

1310: Charles Robert the Anjou voted the King of Hungarian state and starts fight Matus Cak; the beginning of Anjous reign

1328: foundation of mint in Kremnica, which strikes welknown golden Kremnica Ducats; this facility has survived to present days

1369: Kosice city privileged to use its own "town blazon", probably the 1st privilege of this kind in Europe

1381: Slovak citizens of Zilina town succesfully ask the King to secure their "national rights" against German

1396: Slovak mining towns led by Banska Bystrica, Banska Stiavnica and Kremnica establish their federation to promote their interests; 1st Turkish attack on the Hungarian State, Hungarian army badly defeated near Nikkopolis (present-day Bulgaria)

1428 - 1467: Hussites raids on our territory; Hussites, Czech Protestant "fundamentalists," spread their own idea of Christianity to neighbouring countries; thanks to the social background of their doctrine, sometimes they are welcome by the poor, but majority of population is afraid of their cruelty

1440: Ladislav the Posthumous becomes the Hungarian King, as he is only a child, main captains are trying to usurp the reign, to prevent such development, the Hungarian Parliament votes Jan Hunyady, the hero of wars against Turks, governor of the Hungarian State

1457: the young King Ladislav unexpectedly dies, the Hungarian Parliament votes Matthew Corvine, the younger son of Jan Hunyady, the King; he becomes probably the most long-sighted, energetic and capable ruler the Hungarian State ever had

1490: King Matthew dies and his successors quickly throw away the economical and political power of the kingdom

1495: Levoca citizen Juraj Thurzo and the Fuggers, German financier familly, establish Thurzo-Fugger company which control all Slovak copper mines, the town Banska Bystrica becomes one of the largest producers of the copper in the world

1515: Catholic Church of Hungarian State introduce the written "birth registers" as the 1st in Europe

1526: Miners' Revolt in Banska Bystrica, the most significant popular rebellion in contemporary Slovakia;
August 29: Battle of Mohatch, the catastrophic defeat of Hungarian army, the King killed and the Turks take southern parts of the Hungarian State (inhabited by Hungarians), Bratislava becomes new capital of the state and Slovakia represent the major part of the Hungarian State for more than 150 years, Jan Zapolsky becomes so-called Slovak King

1540: Jan Zapolsky dies and his widow is not able to defend hereditary rights of her son against Ferdinand I the Habsburg; the beginning of Habsburg reign in our region and gradual creation of Habsburg Empire

1918: Vznik Ceskolslovenska, spolocneho statu dvoch slovanskych narodov Cechov a Slovakov rozpadom "zalara narodov" Rakusko-Uhorska

1993: Vznik samostatnej Slovenskej republiky pokojnym rozdelenim Ceskoslovenska (bez referenda)

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